What substance produced by the sebaceous glands helps to keep the skin moist and lubricated?

Sebum is the substance produced by the sebaceous glands that plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health. It is an oily secretion composed mainly of triglycerides, free fatty acids, wax esters, squalene, and other lipids. This oily substance helps to keep the skin moist and lubricated by forming a protective barrier on the skin's surface. This barrier prevents water loss, thus aiding in skin hydration and maintaining the skin's elasticity.

In addition to its moisturizing properties, sebum also has antimicrobial properties, helping to protect the skin from microbial infections. A balanced production of sebum is vital; too little can lead to dry and cracked skin, while excessive production can contribute to conditions such as acne. Understanding the role of sebum in skin physiology highlights its importance in overall skin health and appearance.