What effect does UV radiation have on the skin?

UV radiation has a significant impact on the skin, primarily linked to its ability to cause DNA damage. This damage occurs when UV rays penetrate the skin, leading to alterations in the DNA structure of skin cells. Over time, such damage can accumulate, disrupting normal cell function and potentially leading to mutations. This is a critical factor in the development of skin cancer, particularly melanoma and nonmelanoma types, as the DNA changes can trigger uncontrolled cell growth.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the effects of UV radiation. For example, it does not enhance skin moisture, as UV exposure can actually lead to dryness and an increase in skin damage. While UV radiation might superficially enhance the appearance of the skin through tanning, the long-term effects are detrimental, contributing to aging rather than preventing it. Additionally, UV rays do not promote faster healing of wounds; in fact, they can hinder the healing process by causing further injury to the skin. Understanding the harmful effects of UV radiation is crucial for protecting skin health and preventing skin cancer.